Amelia Taylor – Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine
If your cat is limping or favoring one leg, it’s an unmistakable sign that something is amiss. Cats are agile creatures, and they usually don’t express pain unless it becomes severe. Limping may occur suddenly or develop over a period of time, and it may result from anything from a mild sprain to a severe injury or disease. Knowing the reason why your cat is limping leads you to take the proper measures towards their recovery.
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Minor Injuries or Sprains
Cats are curious and active, so they can easily twist a paw, land poorly after a jump, or hit something while playing. Minor injuries such as sprains or strains are among the most popular reasons for limping.
What to do: If your cat is only slightly favoring one leg but still moving around normally, restrict their activity for a day or two and monitor them closely. If the limp doesn’t improve within 48 hours, visit the vet to rule out a fracture or muscle tear.
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Cuts or Foreign Objects in the Paw
Occasionally the reason for limping is as minor as a thorn, splinter, or pebble lodged between the paw pads. Glass and sharp objects can also inflict painful lacerations.
What to do: Handle your cat’s paw pads carefully for any open wound, swelling, or dirt. If you notice anything small that is easy to pick out, use tweezers with care. Apply mild antiseptic to the area. If bleeding, pus, or swelling occurs, let your vet take care of it.
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Broken Bones or Dislocation
A tumble from a height, a motor vehicle accident, or even play fighting may result in dislocated joints or broken bones. This typically results in sudden, severe limping or refusal to bear weight on the involved leg.
Signs are:
• Swelling or unusual leg position
• Crying or hissing when touched
• Inability to move normally
What to do: Don’t attempt to look at or relocate the limb. Calm your cat and take them to the vet immediately.
Overgrown or Broken Nails
A curled or broken nail will cause walking to be uncomfortable. Indoor cats or older cats that don’t wear down their claws on a regular basis might have curled-over nails that extend into the paw pad.
What to do: Clip your cat’s nails as a regular grooming routine and inspect for breaks or infection. If a nail is bleeding or appears infected, take your cat to the vet for cleaning and potential antibiotics.
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Arthritis or Joint Pain
Older cats tend to get arthritis, an inflammation of stiffness and pain in the joints. You might notice your cat limping upon rising or being less eager to jump onto the couch.
What to do: Check with your vet about drugs or supplements that promote joint health. Gentle exercise and a soft bed can also provide relief.
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Bite Wounds or Abscesses
Fighting outdoor cats can develop bite wounds on paws or legs. These will initially appear small but can develop into painful abscesses beneath the skin.
Signs are:
- Swelling
- Limping on one leg
- Soft or warm lump under the skin
- Foul odor or pus
What to do: Remove your cat to the vet. Abscesses should be drained and cleaned in order to avert infection spreading.
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Insect Bites or Allergic Reactions
Bee stings, insect bites, or allergic reactions can result in swelling as well as tenderness on your cat’s paws or legs, causing it to limp.
What to do: Seek redness or swelling. A cold pack can make it more comfortable, but visit your vet if the swelling worsens or your cat is in pain.
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Neurological or Muscle Issues
Sometimes limping can be the result of nerve problems, weakening of muscles, or back issues. These tend to be accompanied by other symptoms such as loss of balance or dragging the limbs.
What to do: A veterinary examination is needed to diagnose the cause and develop a treatment plan.
