Amelia Taylor – Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine
Seeing your dog tremble or shake can be alarming, especially when you don’t know what’s causing it. Sometimes, shaking is completely harmless — like when your dog is excited or cold — but other times, it can signal something more serious. Understanding why your dog is shaking so much helps you determine whether it’s just normal behavior or a sign to visit the vet.
Your Dog Might Be Cold
Just like humans, dogs shiver when they’re cold. Small breeds such as Chihuahuas, short-haired dogs, and puppies are especially sensitive to temperature changes.
What to do:
• Provide a warm blanket or dog sweater in cool weather.
• Avoid cold floors or outdoor walks during chilly mornings and nights.
If your dog stops shaking once they’re warm, it’s likely nothing to worry about.
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Excitement or Anticipation
Many dogs shake when they’re excited — for example, when you come home, grab the leash, or bring out treats. This kind of trembling is a way of releasing built-up energy and emotion.
What to do: Give your dog a moment to calm down, speak gently, and reward calm behavior to teach them self-control during exciting moments.
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Fear, Stress, or Anxiety
Shaking is one of the most common signs of fear or anxiety in dogs. Loud noises, vet visits, car rides, fireworks, or unfamiliar environments can trigger it.
Other signs:
• Tail tucked between legs
• Whining or pacing
• Ears pinned back
What to do: Create a calm environment. Use gentle reassurance, avoid punishment, and provide a safe space like a quiet corner or crate. If anxiety is frequent, consult your vet about calming aids or behavioral therapy.
Pain or Injury
Dogs in pain often tremble due to discomfort or muscle tension. The shaking may be isolated to one area, such as a leg, or it can affect the entire body.
Watch for:
• Limping or stiffness
• Whining when touched
• Reduced appetite or activity
What to do: If your dog’s shaking seems constant or is paired with unusual behavior, contact your vet. Pain-related shaking should never be ignored.
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Nausea or Motion Sickness
Shaking can also occur when your dog feels nauseous, often from car rides, certain medications, or eating something that doesn’t agree with them.
What to do: Keep your dog calm and hydrated. If nausea persists or vomiting occurs, a vet visit may be needed to rule out stomach or liver problems.
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Poisoning or Toxin Exposure
Certain toxins — such as chocolate, xylitol (found in sugar-free gum), or certain houseplants — can cause tremors or muscle spasms.
Symptoms include:
• Vomiting or drooling
• Unsteady walking
• Seizures or collapse
What to do: If you suspect your dog has eaten something toxic, seek emergency veterinary care immediately.
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Low Blood Sugar (Hypoglycemia)
Small breeds and puppies are more prone to low blood sugar, which can cause shivering, weakness, or confusion.
What to do: Offer a small meal or treat with a bit of honey or syrup if your vet has previously confirmed low blood sugar issues. Persistent symptoms need prompt medical attention.
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Neurological or Muscle Disorders
In rare cases, shaking may be caused by nerve or muscle conditions, such as Generalized Tremor Syndrome (GTS) — sometimes called “white shaker syndrome.” This condition causes full-body tremors and usually affects small breeds.
What to do: A vet diagnosis is needed to determine the underlying issue and prescribe medications to manage it.
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Old Age or Weak Muscles
As dogs age, their muscles weaken and tremors may appear in the legs, especially after standing for long periods. These tremors are usually harmless but can indicate joint pain or arthritis.
What to do: Provide soft bedding, joint supplements, and regular low-impact exercise to maintain strength and comfort.
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Fever or Infection
Shivering can also be a response to fever or infection as your dog’s body tries to regulate temperature.
Look for:
• Lethargy or loss of appetite
• Warm ears or nose
• Shivering while resting
A quick vet check and temperature reading can confirm if your dog has a fever or an underlying infection.
